Background：Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC-1).
Expression of MIC-1 mRNA in monocytoid cells is up-regulated by a variety of stimuli associated with activation, including interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 2, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor but not interferon γ, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
It is highly expressed in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells in normal and pathological condition.
GDF-15 increases during tissue injury and inflammatory states and is associated with cardiometabolic risk.
Increased GDF-15 levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases in diabetes.
Increased GDF-15 level is linked with the progression and prognosis of the disease condition.
仕様
サイズ：100ug
Source：Human GDF-15, Fc Tag (GD5-H5269) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Ala 197 - Ile 308 (Accession # Q99988-1).
Characteristics：This protein carries a human IgG1 Fc tag at the N-terminus. The protein has a calculated MW of 38.8 kDa. As a result of glycosylation, the protein migrates as 45-55 kDa under reducing (R) condition, and 70-90 kDa under non-reducing (NR) condition (SDS-PAGE).
Endotoxin Level：Less than 1.0 EU per ug by the LAL method.
