Background：TGFB, also named as LAP and TGFB1, is a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in many cell types. TGFB acts synergistically with TGFA in inducing transformation. It also acts as a negative autocrine growth factor. Dysregulation of TGFB activation and signaling may result in apoptosis. Many cells synthesize TGFB and almost all of them have specific receptors for it. TGFB positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. It is highly expressed in bone. Mutation of TGFB are the cause of Camurati-Engelmann disease(CED) which known as progressive diaphyseal dysplasia 1(DPD1).
