Background：GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases.
Precursor of the histocompatibility antigen HA-1. More generally, minor histocompatibility antigens(mHags) refer to immunogenic peptide which, when complexed with MHC, can generate an immune response after recognition by specific T-cells. The peptides are derived from polymorphic intracellular proteins, which are cleaved by normal pathways of antigen processing. The binding of these peptides to MHC class I or class II molecules and its expression on the cell surface can stimulate T-cell responses and thereby trigger graft rejection or graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donor. GVHD is a frequent complication after bone marrow transplantation(BMT), due to mismatch of minor histocompatibility antigen in HLA-matched sibling marrow transplants. Specifically, mismatching for mHag HA-1 which is recognized as immunodominant, is shown to be associated with the development of severe GVHD after HLA-identical BMT. HA-1 is presented to the cell surface by MHC class I HLA-A*0201, but also by other HLA-A alleles. This complex specifically elicits donor-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte(CTL) reactivity against hematologic malignancies after treatment by HLA-identical allogenic BMT. It induces cell recognition and lysis by CTL.
