Background：Pathogen-recognition receptor expressed on the surface of immature dendritic cells(DCs) and involved in initiation of primary immune response. Thought to mediate the endocytosis of pathogens which are subsequently degraded in lysosomal compartments. The receptor returns to the cell membrane surface and the pathogen-derived antigens are presented to resting T-cells via MHC class II proteins to initiate the adaptive immune response.
On DCs it is a high affinity receptor for ICAM2 and ICAM3 by binding to mannose-like carbohydrates. May act as a DC rolling receptor that mediates transendothelial migration of DC presursors from blood to tissues by binding endothelial ICAM2. Seems to regulate DC-induced T-cell proliferation by binding to ICAM3 on T-cells in the immunological synapse formed between DC and T-cells.
(Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2(PubMed:11799126, PubMed:12502850, PubMed:1518869). Acts as an attachment receptor for ebolavirus(PubMed:12502850, PubMed:12504546). Acts as an attachment receptor for cytomegalovirus(PubMed:12433371, PubMed:22496863). Acts as an attachment receptor for HCV(PubMed:15371595, PubMed:16816373). Acts as an attachment receptor for dengue virus(PubMed:12682107). Acts as an attachment receptor for measles virus(PubMed:16537615). Acts as an attachment receptor for herpes simplex virus 1(PubMed:18796707). Acts as an attachment receptor for Influenzavirus A(PubMed:21191006). Acts as an attachment receptor for SARS coronavirus(PubMed:15140961). Acts as an attachment receptor for Japanese encephalitis virus(PubMed:24623090). Acts as an attachment receptor for Lassa virus(PubMed:23966408). Acts as an attachment receptor for marburg virusn(PubMed:15479853). Acts as an attachment receptor for Respiratory syncytial virus(PubMed:22090124). Acts as an attachment receptor for Rift valley fever virus and uukuniemi virus(PubMed:21767814). Acts as an attachment receptor for west-nile virus(PubMed:16415006). Probably recognizes in a calcium-dependent manner high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides in a variety of bacterial pathogen antigens, including Leishmania pifanoi LPG, Lewis-x antigen in Helicobacter pylori LPS, mannose in Klebsiella pneumonae LPS, di-mannose and tri-mannose in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ManLAM and Lewis-x antigen in Schistosoma mansoni SEA(PubMed:16379498). Recognition of M.tuberculosis by dendritic cells occurs partially via this molecule(PubMed:16092920, PubMed:21203928).
