Background：UPK3B is a minor component of the apical plaques of mammalian urothelium that binds and dimerizes with uroplakin-1b （UPK1B, MIM 602380）, one of the major conserved urothelium membrane proteins. The other major conserved integral membrane proteins of urothelial plaques are UPK1A （MIM 611557）, UPK2 （MIM 611558）, and UPK3A （MIM 611559）
