特異性：This item is specific for H3N2 by Haemagglutination inhibition. This item does not react with influenza B, RSV, Para 1-3 or Adenovirus, but may react with proteins present on uninfected chicken cells. Influenza type A viruses are divided into subtypes based on the antigenic differences of two viral surface proteins, hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). On infection of the respiratory tract, the hemagglutinin molecule binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the epithelial cells resulting in endocytosis. Once the virus has been engulfed, the hemagglutinin allows the viral membrane to fuse with the endosomal membrane. Neuraminidase functions to aid viral release from host cells by cleaving terminal sialic acid residues from carbohydrate moieties on the cell surface. Subtype antigenic variations result from a process known as antigenic drift whereby these surface proteins constantly mutate in order to evade the host immune response.the host immune response.
