The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is composed of two copies of positive single-stranded RNA that codes for the virus's nine genes enclosed by a capsid composed of the viral protein p24.The RNA is tightly bound to nucleocapsid proteins, p7, and enzymes needed for the development (reverse transcriptase, proteases, ribonuclease and integrase). A matrix composed of the viral protein p17 surrounds the capsid which is, in turn, surrounded by the viral envelope. Embedded in the viral envelope are proteins from the host cell and copies of a complex HIV protein known as Env that consists of a cap made of three molecules called glycoprotein (gp) 120, and a stem consisting of three gp41 molecules that anchor the structure into the viral envelope. This glycoprotein complex enables the virus to attach to and fuse with target cells to initiate the infectious cycle. Both these surface proteins, especially gp120, have been considered as targets of future treatments or vaccines against HIV. The RNA genome consists of at least seven structural landmarks (LTR, TAR, RRE, PE, SLIP, CRS, and INS), and nine genes out of which 3 are structural proteins (gag, pol, and env) and the remaining are regulatory. genes (tat, rev, nef, vif, vpr, and vpu) for proteins that control the ability of HIV to infect cells, produce new copies of virus (replicate), or cause disease. The two Tat proteins (p16 and p14) are transcriptional transactivators for the LTR promoter acting by binding the TAR. HIV-1 regulatory Tat protein plays an essential role in viral replication and infectivity. In addition, during acute infection, Tat is released extracellularly by infected cells and is taken up by neighboring cells where it Tran activates viral replication andincreases virus infectivity. HIV-1 Tat activates transcription of HIV-1 viral genes by inducing phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Tat can also disturb cellular metabolism by inhibiting proliferation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes and by inducing cellular apoptosis. Tat-induced apoptosis of T-cells is attributed, in part, to the distortion of microtubules polymerization. LIS1 is a microtubule-associated protein that facilitates microtubule polymerization.
Source:Recombinant protein corresponding to HIV-1 TAT, a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 100aa encoded by two exons, expressed in E. coli.
Molecular Weight:~20kD
Specificity:Immunoreactive with all sera of HIV-1 infected individuals. Recognizes anti-Tat (HIV-1) polyclonal antibodies. Reacts with anti-Tat antibodies from human, monkey, rabbit and mouse serum.
Storage and Stability:Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
仕様
Size：10ug
Source Antigen：Recombinant, E. coli
Grade：Highly Purified
Purity：Highly Purified (~95%)
Form：Supplied as a lyophilized powder. No preservative added. Reconstitute in sterile ddH2O >100ug/ml.
