Nodularin is a hepatotoxic monocylic pentapeptide produced by cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena. It is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase types 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), exhibiting IC50 values of 1.8 and 0.026nm, respectively. It inhibits PP2B only at higher concentrations (IC50=1.8uM).
The cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena often contaminates the drinking water of rural communities in developing countries and accumulates in mussels, flounder, and cod from the northern Baltic Sea.1,2 Nodularin is a hepatotoxic monocylic pentapeptide produced by the N. spumigena.3 It is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase types 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), exhibiting IC50 values of 1.8 and 0.026 nM, respectively. PP2B is inhibited to a lesser extent with an IC50 of 1.8 µM. No apparent inhibitory effect is observed with PP2C, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, protein kinase A, phosphorylase kinase, or protein kinase C.4
Synonyma:Cyclo[(2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-4,6-decadienoyl-D-γ-glutamyl-(2Z)-2-(methylamino)-2-butenoyl-(3S)-3-methyl-D-β-aspartyl-L-arginyl]; Cyclo[(Z)-2,3-didehydro-N-methyl-2-aminobutanoyl-erythro-3-methyl-D-β-aspartyl-L-arginyl-(2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-3-aminodecanoyl-D-γ-glutamyl]; 1,4,8,11,15-Pentaazacyclononadecane Cyclic Peptide Deriv.; Nodularin R
Molecular Formula:C₄₁H₆₀N₈O₁₀
Molecular Weight:824.96
Appearance:Supplied as a liquid in ethanol.
Purity:≥95%
Solubility:Nodularin is supplied as a clear film. A stock solution may be made by dissolving the nodularin in the solvent of choice. Nodularin is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and DMSO, which should be purged with an inert gas. The solubility of nodularin in these solvents is approximately 10 mg/ml.
Nodularin is sparingly soluble in aqueous buffers. For maximum solubility in aqueous buffers, nodularin should first be dissolved in methanol and then diluted with the aqueous buffer of choice. Nodularin has a solubility of approximately 1 mg/ml in a 1:1 solution of methanol:water using this method. We do not recommend storing the aqueous solution for more than one day.
Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. Protect from air and moisture.
