Noggin is a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein that is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Human Noggin cDNA encodes a 232aa precursor protein; cleavage of a 19aa signal peptide generates the 213aa mature protein which contains an N-terminal acidic region, a central basic heparin-binding segment and a C-terminal cysteine-knot structure. Secreted Noggin probably remains close to the cell surface due to its binding of heparin-containing proteoglycans. Noggin is very highly conserved among vertebrates, such that mature mouse Noggin shares 99%, 100%, 98%, 97% and 87% aa sequence identity with human, rat, bovine, equine and chicken Noggin, respectively. Noggin binds some BMPs such as BMP-4 with high affinity and others such as BMP-7 with lower affinity. It antagonizes BMP bioactivities by blocking epitopes on BMPs that are needed for binding to both type I and type II receptors. During embryogenesis, Noggin antagonizes specific BMPs at defined times, for example, during neural tube, somite and cardiomyocyte growth and patterning. During skeletal development, Noggin prevents chondrocyte hyperplasia, thus allowing proper formation of joints. Mutations within the cysteine-knot region of human Noggin are linked to multiple types of skeletal dysplasias that result in apical joint fusions. Noggin is expressed in defined areas of the adult central nervous system and peripheral tissues such as lung, skeletal muscle and skin. During culture of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) or neural stem cells under certain conditions, addition of Noggin to antagonize BMP activity may allow stem cells to proliferate while maintaining their undifferentiated state, or alternatively, to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons. Noggin also appears to maintain adult stem cell populations in vivo, for example, maintaining neural stem cells within the hippocampus.
Source:Recombinant corresponding to aa28-232 from mouse Noggin expressed in mouse myeloma cell line, NS0.
Molecular Weight:~23kD
Biological Activity:Measured by its ability to inhibit BMP-4-induced alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC5 mouse chondrogenic cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.04-0.16ug/ml in the presence of 75ng/ml of Recombinant Human BMP-4
Endotoxin: ~1EU/1ug (LAL)
Storage and Stability:Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile buffer. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 3 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
仕様
Size：25ug
Source Antigen：Recombinant, NSO cells
Grade：Highly Purified
Purity：~95% (SDS-PAGE)
Form：Supplied as a lyophilized powder in PBS. BSA free. Reconstitute with PBS to 0.1mg/ml.
