p44/42 MAPK (Erk1 and Erk2), SAPK/JNK and p38 MAPK function in protein kinase cascades that play a critical role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and control of cellular responses to cytokines and stress.p44/42 MAPK (Erk1 and Erk2) is activated by growth and neurotrophic factors. Activation occurs through phosphorylation of threonine and tyrosine (202 and 204 of human MAP kinase [Erk1]) at the sequence T*EY* by a single upstream MAP kinase kinase (MEK).SAPK/JNK and p38 MAPK are activated by inflammatory cytokines and a wide variety of cellular stresses. Activation of SAPK/JNK occurs via phosphorylation at Thr183 and Tyr185 by the dual specificity enzyme SEK/MKK4. Both MKK3 and SEK phosphorylate p38 MAPK on tyrosine and threonine at the sequence T*GY*, resulting in p38 activation.
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Description:Each control slide contains formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded NIH/3T3 cells, both untreated and treated with Phorbol-13-Myristate-12-Acetate (PMA), that serve as a control for Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) immunostaining. PMA induces phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK. Western Blot analysis was performed on extracts derived from the same cells to verify the efficacy of the the PMA treatment.
Applications:These slides are intended for use in immunohistochemical assays. Please see the Companion Products for a list of prodcucts that can be used with these slides.
Storage:Store at 4°C. Optimal staining is achieved if slides are stained following our standard IHC protocols and are used within 8 weeks of assay date; however, signals may persist beyond two months.
