85-1403-89　S100 Protein, Bovine, Western Blot Positive Control 100ul　S0052-11J

特徴

• Positive Control for Western Blot (Bovine): S0052-10A
• Calcium (Ca++ or Ca) is the most abundant cation and it is required for many physiological activities such as bone formation. It acts as a second messenger in signal transduction. Only 1% of Ca is present in ionic form in biological fluids. Ca concentration is regulated by calcitropic hormones that act on bone, kidney and intestine. Extracellular Ca+ levels are sensed and regulated by Calcium Sensing Receptor (CASR). When Ca levels are limiting, calcium must be taken up by active, transcellular pathways comprising (1) Ca++ entry across apical membrane, (2) cytosolic transport of Ca++ across the cell form apical to basolateral membrane facilitated by a family of low mol wt Calcium Binding Proteins (CABPs) that include vitamin D3-dependent Ca++ binding proteins (calbindin-D9k, Calbindin-28k, Calretinin, Parvalbumin, S100, calmodulin) and finally (3) an active extrusion of Ca++ through basolateral membrane mediated by Ca++-ATPase and Na+-Ca++ exchangers (NCX). Ca++ absorption in intestine and its reabsorption in kidney are carried out by Ca++ Transport (CaT) proteins, CaT-1, CaT-2 or Epithelial Ca Channel (ECAC1/ECAC2/CaT-Like (CaT-L) proteins.
• Calbindins are Ca-binding proteins belonging to the troponin C superfamily. There are two types of CaBPs: the "trigger"- and the "buffer"-CaBPs. The conformation of "trigger" type CaBPs changes upon Ca++ binding and exposes regions on protein that interact with target molecules, thus altering their activity. The buffer-type CABP are thought to control the intracellular calcium concentration. S100 protein or Ca-binding protein A1/S100A1 is also a member of low mol wt, cytoplasmic, calcium binding troponin family. It is produced in the brain, muscle, heart and a wide variety of normal and tumor cells. S100 has two subunits: S100-alpha (mouse/rat/human 94aa, chromosome 1q21) and S100-beta (mouse, rat/human 92aa chromosome 21q22.2-q22.3) that forms either homodimer (alpha-alpha known as S-100a(0) or beta-beta known as S-100b) and heterodimers (known as S-100a) of ~21kD. S100 alpha and beta chains show ~58% sequence identity. At least 9 different genes for S100 have been assigned on chromosome 21 namely S100A1-S1009. S-100 contains 2 EF-hand domains. S100A1 improves cardiac contractile performance both by regulating sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ion handling myofbirilar Ca-ion responsiveness. Leakage of S100 protein by glial cells into the extracellualr matrix, CSF and serum are useful in monitoring traumatic brain injury.
• Applications:Suitable for use in Western Blot. Other applications not tested.
• Recommended Dilutions:Western Blot: 10ul/laneOptimal dilutions to be determined by researcher.
• Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.