The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity.
The term 'peplomer' is typically used to refer to a grouping of heterologous proteins on the virus surface that function together.
The spike （S） glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process.
It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 （COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV） can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor.
The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2.
S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain （RBD）, which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor.
S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.
The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.
The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as： Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain （RBD）, leading to a higher mortality rate.
仕様
サイズ：100ug
種由来：SARS-CoV-2
発現宿主：Baculovirus-Insect Cells
純度：＞90 ％ as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.
エンドトキシン濃度：＜1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method.
アクセッションNo.：YP_009724390.1
アミノ酸配列：Met1-Pro1213
遺伝子構造：A DNA sequence encoding the SARS-CoV-2 （2019-nCoV） Spike S1+S2 （YP_009724390.1, with mutations L18F, T20N, P26S, D138Y, R190S, K417T, E484K, N501Y, D614G, H655Y, T1027I, V1176F） （Met1-Pro1213） was expressed with a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus. The mutations were identified in the SARS-CoV-2 variant （known as variant P.1） which emerged in the Brazil.
分子量：134.5 kDa
組成：Lyophilized from sterile 20 mM Tris, 300 mM NaCl, 10 ％ glycerol, pH 8.0.
保存条件：Generally, lyophilized proteins are stable for up to 12 months when stored at -20 to -80℃. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-8℃ for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ＜ -20℃ for 3 months.
