B7-1 and B7-2 are transmembrane glycoproteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily that are expressed, along with the receptors CD28 and CTLA4, by antigen-presenting cells, and along with these receptors, constitute crucial co-stimulatory pathways for T and B cell regulatory responses.
As members of the B7 family, B7-1 and B7-2 play principal roles in immunity, activating immune response and maintaining immune tolerance through engagement with CD28 and CTLA4.
Co-stimulatory signals generated by B7-1 and B7-2 interactions with CD28 serve to stimulate T cell activation and prevent anergy through the amplification of T cell receptor （TCR） signaling.
In contrast, interactions of the ligands with CTLA-4 serves to maintain T cell homeostasis and self-tolerance through the disruption of stimulatory signaling from B7 isoform bound CD28 complexes, and by inducing powerful inhibitory signals in T cells.
B7-1 plays an important role in immune response through its amplification and regulation of T cell activity at peripheral inflammation sites.
B7-1, like CTLA-4, is, however, only poorly expressed on resting dendritic cells, and its up-regulation is, therefore, considerably delayed upon immune activation.
Conversely, B7-2 and CD28 are constitutively expressed by resting hematopoietic and T cells, respectively, and as a result are able to rapidly induce up-regulation upon immune activation, making them critical to the early co-stimulatory singling of immune response.
Both B7-1 and B7-2 have been shown to demonstrate co-stimulatory activity in T-cell proliferation in vitro and elicit enhanced antitumor immune response in vivo.
The BioGems Human B7-1 Pre-Coated ELISA （Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay） kit is a solid phase immunoassay specially designed to measure B7-1 with a 96-well strip plate that is pre-coated with mouse monoclonal antibody specific for B7-1.
It contains NS0-expressed recombinant B7-1.
The detection antibody is a biotinylated goat polyclonal antibody specific for B7-1.
The kit is analytically validated with ready to use reagents.
