背景：The smooth muscle cells of the rat great saphenous vein are isolated from the great saphenous vein. The great saphenous vein starts at the medial end of the dorsal venous arch, passes through the front of the medial malleolus, ascends along the medial edge of the leg with the saphenous nerve, passes through the medial femoral condyle, enters the medial part of the thigh, accompanies the medial femoral cutaneous nerve, and gradually rises forward. The pubic tubercle penetrates the saphenous vein hiatus outside and below, and enters the femoral vein, and its point of entry is called the saphenous femoral point. There are 5 genera branches： superficial iliac circumflex vein, superficial abdominal wall vein, external pudendal vein, medial femoral superficial vein, and lateral femoral superficial vein. They enter the great saphenous vein in various forms and have abundant mutual anastomosis. When the great saphenous vein is ligated at a high position, each branch must be ligated and cut off separately to prevent recurrence. The main functions of saphenous vein smooth muscle cells： 1. The growth potential of vascular smooth muscle cells is an important abnormal factor in the development of primary vascular disease. 2. Participate in the inflammatory response of the vascular wall, and is related to the progression and stability of vascular disease. Therefore, studying the metabolism and signal pathways of smooth muscle cells of the great saphenous vein is a good experimental material for studying diseases such as great saphenous vein expansion. After 3 days of primary isolation and culture of great saphenous vein smooth muscle cells, the cells can be seen to adhere to the flask, and the morphology and size of cells are different. Regular, triangular or fan-shaped, with oval and centered nucleus. The cells reach confluence after 2 weeks, most of the cells stretch out in a long fusiform shape, with abundant cytoplasm and branch-like protrusions. The cells are arranged in a single layer or partially overlapped in multiple layers growth, ups and downs. When the cell density is low, they are often intertwined into a network; when the density is high, they are arranged in a whirlpool or fence shape. After passage, the cells grow faster and can reach confluence in 4-6 days and maintain the above-mentioned morphological characteristics and growth characteristics. The rat great saphenous vein smooth muscle cells produced by our company are prepared by the trypsin-collagenase combined digestion method and the differential adhesion method. The total number of cells is about 5×10^5 cells/vial. The cells are identified by alpha-SMA Immunofluorescence identification, the purity is more than 90％ without HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi, etc.
