Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-3).
TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses.
Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes.
The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200aa known as the Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain.
Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains, including myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR- associated protein (MAL/TIRAP), Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF), and Toll-receptor-associated molecule (TRAM).
This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK.
Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB, which normally maintains NF-κB in an inactive state by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.
Tollip (Toll interacting protein) is an adaptor protein discovered to be associated with the IRAK complex and recruited to IL1-R following IL-1 stimulation (4).
Overexpression of Tollip results in impaired NF-κB signaling (4).
Tollip also associates directly with TLR2 and TLR4 and inhibits TLR-mediated signaling through inhibition of IRAK (5).
Studies of Tollip deficient mice suggest that it plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory cytokines in response to IL-1 and LPS (6).
Applications:Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence/Immunocytochemistry and ELISA.
Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:Western Blot: 1:500-1:2000, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in TBS, 5% milk, 0.1% Tween 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight
Immunohistochemistry: 1:50-1:200 Immunofluorescence: 1:100-500 ELISA (peptide): 1:20000-1:40000Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Store at -20°C.
Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
仕様
Size：200ul
Host：rabbit
Source Antibody：human
Grade：Affinity Purified
Purity：Purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from serum.
Form：Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol.
Specificity：Recognizes endogenous levels of total human TOLLIP. Species Crossreactivity: Mouse and rat
Isotype：IgG
Calc Applications Abbrev：E IC IF IHC WB
Calc Crossreactivity：Hu Mo Rt
Immunogen：Synthetic peptide corresponding to human TOLLIP. Species sequence homology: Porcine (100%), Zebrafish (100%), Bovine (100%), Equine (100%), Rabbit (100%), Canine (100%), Chicken (100%), Xenopus (83%)
