84-5219-37　HMGB1 100ul　523947

特徴

• High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) belongs to a family of highly conserved proteins that contain HMG box domains (1,2).
• All three family members (HMGB1, HMGB2, and HMGB3) contain two HMG box domains and a C-terminal acidic domain.
• HMGB1 is a widely expressed and highly abundant protein (2).
• HMGB2 is widely expressed during embryonic development, but is restricted to lymphoid organs and testis in adult animals (3).
• HMGB3 is only expressed during embryogenesis (4).
• While expression varies, the biochemical properties of the different family members may be indistinguishable.
• The HMG box domains facilitate the binding of HMGB proteins to the minor groove of DNA, which results in local bending of the DNA double helix (1,2).
• HMGB proteins are recruited by and help facilitate the assembly of site-specific DNA binding proteins to their cognate binding sites in chromatin.
• For example, HMGB1 facilitates the binding of Hox proteins, Oct-1, p53, Rel proteins, and steroid hormone receptor proteins to their target gene promoters (1,2).
• In addition to their functions in the nucleus, HMGB proteins play a significant role in extracellular signaling associated with inflammation (5,6).
• HMGB1 is massively released into the extracellular environment during cell necrosis, but not apoptosis.
• Extracellular HMGB1 alarms the innate immune system by acting as a chemoattractant for inflammatory leukocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stem cells, functioning as an immune adjuvant for soluble and particulate antigens, and triggering activation of T cells and dendritic cells.
• In addition, activated monocytes, macrophages and, dendritic cells also secrete HMGB1, forming a positive feedback loop that results in the release of additional cytokines and neutrophils.
• Hypoxia has also been shown to cause the release of HMGB1 in the liver, and some studies suggest a role for extracellular HMGB1 in tumor homeostasis (5,6).
• Applications:Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence/Immunocytochemistry and ELISA.
• Other applications not tested.
• Recommended Dilution:Western Blot: 1:500-1:2000, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in TBS, 5% milk, 0.1% Tween 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight
• Immunohistochemistry: 1:50-1:200Immunofluorescence (IF-IC): 1:100-1:500ELISA (peptide): 1:20,000-1:40,000Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
• Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
• Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
• Store at -20°C.
• Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt.
• For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.