84-4459-25　Ubiquitin (Polyubiquitin B, RPS27A, UBA52, UBB, UBC, Ubiquitin B) 200ul　384973

特徴

• Ubiquitin is a small protein that occurs in all eukaryotic cells.
• The ubiquitin protein itself consists of 76 amino acids and has a molecular mass of about 8.5kD.
• Key features include its C-terminal tail and the 7 Lys residues.
• It is highly conserved among eukaryotic species: Human and yeast ubiquitin share 96% sequence identity (1).
• The main function of Ubiquitin is to clear abnormal, foreign and improperly folded proteins by targeting them for degradation by the 26S proteosome (2).
• Ubiquitination represents an essential cellular process affected by a multi-enzyme cascade involving classes of enzymes known as ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s or Ubcs) and ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s).
• Ubiquitin is activated in a two-step reaction by an E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme in a process requiring ATP as an energy source.
• The initial step involves production of an ubiquitin-adenylate intermediate.
• The second step transfers ubiquitin to the E1 active site cysteine residue, with release of AMP.
• This step results in a thioester linkage between the C-terminal carboxyl group of ubiquitin and the E1 cysteine sulfhydryl group.
• The third step is a transfer of ubiquitin from E1 to the active site cysteine of a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 via a trans(thio)esterification reaction.
• And the final step of the ubiquitylation cascade creates an isopeptide bond between a lysine of the target protein and the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin.
• In general, this step requires the activity of one of the hundreds of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases (often termed simply ubiquitin ligase).
• E3 enzymes function as the substrate recognition modules of the system and are capable of interaction with both E2 and substrate(3, 4).
• Ubiquitination also participates in the internalization and degradation of plasma membrane proteins such as some of the TCR subunits while still ER-membrane associated (5).
• Ubiquitin also plays a role in regulating signal transduction cascades through the elimination inhibitory proteins, such as IkappaBalpha and p27 (6).
• Applications:Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation.
• Other applications not tested.
• Recommended Dilution:Western Blot: 1:1000Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: 1:100Immunohistochemistry: 1:100Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
• Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
• Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
• Store at -20°C.
• Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt.
• For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.