84-4347-86　CDC2 100ul　310039

特徴

• Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by modulating the centrosome cycle as well as mitotic onset; promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphase cyclins.
• Required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis.
• Phosphorylates PARVA/actopaxin, APC, AMPH, APC, BARD1, Bcl-xL/BCL2L1, BRCA2, CALD1, CASP8, CDC7, CDC20, CDC25A, CDC25C, CC2D1A, CSNK2 proteins/CKII, FZR1/CDH1, CDK7, CEBPB, CHAMP1, DMD/dystrophin, EEF1 proteins/EF-1, EZH2, KIF11/EG5, EGFR, FANCG, FOS, GFAP, GOLGA2/GM130, GRASP1, UBE2A/hHR6A, HIST1H1 proteins/histone H1, HMGA1, HIVEP3/KRC, LMNA, LMNB, LMNC, LBR, LATS1, MAP1B, MAP4, MARCKS, MCM2, MCM4, MKLP1, MYB, NEFH, NFIC, NPC/nuclear pore complex, PITPNM1/NIR2, NPM1, NCL, NUCKS1, NPM1/numatrin, ORC1, PRKAR2A, EEF1E1/p18, EIF3F/p47, p53/TP53, NONO/p54NRB, PAPOLA, PLEC/plectin, RB1, UL40/R2, RAB4A, RAP1GAP, RCC1, RPS6KB1/S6K1, KHDRBS1/SAM68, ESPL1, SKI, BIRC5/survivin, STIP1, TEX14, beta-tubulins, MAPT/TAU, NEDD1, VIM/vimentin, TK1, FOXO1, RUNX1/AML1 and RUNX2.
• CDK1/CDC2-cyclin-B controls pronuclear union in interphase fertilized eggs.
• Essential for early stages of embryonic development.
• During G2 and early mitosis, CDC25A/B/C-mediated dephosphorylation activates CDK1/cyclin complexes which phosphorylate several substrates that trigger at least centrosome separation, Golgi dynamics, nuclear envelope breakdown and chromosome condensation.
• Once chromosomes are condensed and aligned at the metaphase plate, CDK1 activity is switched off by WEE1- and PKMYT1-mediated phosphorylation to allow sister chromatid separation, chromosome decondensation, reformation of the nuclear envelope and cytokinesis.
• Inactivated by PKR/EIF2AK2- and WEE1-mediated phosphorylation upon DNA damage to stop cell cycle and genome replication at the G2 checkpoint thus facilitating DNA repair.
• Reactivated after successful DNA repair through WIP1-dependent signaling leading to CDC25A/B/C-mediated dephosphorylation and restoring cell cycle progression.
• In proliferating cells, CDK1-mediated FOXO1 phosphorylation at the G2-M phase represses FOXO1 interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and thereby promotes FOXO1 nuclear accumulation and transcription factor activity, leading to cell death of postmitotic neurons.
• The phosphorylation of beta-tubulins regulates microtubule dynamics during mitosis.
• NEDD1 phosphorylation promotes PLK1-mediated NEDD1 phosphorylation and subsequent targeting of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) to the centrosome, an important step for spindle formation.
• In addition, CC2D1A phosphorylation regulates CC2D1A spindle pole localization and association with SCC1/RAD21 and centriole cohesion during mitosis.
• The phosphorylation of Bcl-xL/BCL2L1 after prolongated G2 arrest upon DNA damage triggers apoptosis.
• In contrast, CASP8 phosphorylation during mitosis prevents its activation by proteolysis and subsequent apoptosis.
• This phosphorylation occurs in cancer cell lines, as well as in primary breast tissues and lymphocytes.
• EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing.
• CALD1 phosphorylation promotes Schwann cell migration during peripheral nerve regeneration.Lee M.G., Nature 327:31-35(1987).
• Ohta T., Cancer Res.
• 58:1095-1098(1998).
• Draetta G., Cell 54:17-26(1988).
• Applications:Suitable for use in Immunofluorescence and Western Blot.
• Other applications not tested.
• Recommended Dilution:Immunofluorescence: 1:100-1:500Western Blot: 1:500-1:3000Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
• Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
• Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
• Store at -20°C.
• Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt.
• For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.