Interleukin-21(IL-21) is a secreted, type-I cytokine with immunoregulatory activity.
Human IL-21 shares the common y-chain with IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 proteins but, in addition, binds to a unique IL-21Ra chain which triggers a cascade of events which includes activation of the tyrosine kinases JAK1 and JAK3, followed by activation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3.
Bovine and human IL-21 have pleiotropic functions and are mainly produced by activated T-cells in response to stimulation, but target a broad range of lymphoid and myeloid cells of the immune system (T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells).
IL21 is therefore is able to regulate innate and acquired immune responses.
The biological effects of IL-21 include induction of differentiation, maturation, and proliferation of T-cells-stimulated B-cells into plasma cells and memory B-cells, stimulation (in conjunction)with IL-4 of IgG production, and induction of apoptotic effects in naive B-cells and stimulated B-cells in the absence of T-cell signaling.
Human IL-21 has also been shown to promote the tumor activity of CD8+ T-cells and NK cells.
During T-cell mediated immune response, IL21 may inhibit dendritic cells’ (DC) activation and maturation.
In synergy with IL15 and IL18, IL21 stimulates interferon gamma production in T-cells and NK cells; with the IL15, it may play a role in proliferation and maturation of natural killer (NK) cells.
The open reading frame of the bovine IL-21 cDNA is 459 bp in length and encodes 152aa.
The predicted aa sequence is 78-81% and 58-67% homologous to the predicted human and murine IL-21aa sequences, respectively.
In one study, recombinant bovine IL-21 strongly induced NK cell proliferation using a human NK cell-line, NK0, and enhanced the lymphokine activated killer (LAK) activity of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
In another by the same authors, recombinant bovine mature IL-21 induced the proliferation of human IL-2-dependent cells, ILT-MAT.
IL-21 is ideal for investigators involved in Cancer and Immunology research.
Applications:Suitable for use in ELISA and Western Blot.
Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:ELISA: 1:6000Western Blot: 1ug/mlOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Store at -20°C.
Aliquots are stable for 12 months.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
仕様
Size：100ug
Host：rabbit
Source Antibody：bovine
Grade：Affinity Purified
Purity：Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography.
Form：Supplied as a liquid in 0.02M potassium phosphate, 0.15M sodium chloride, pH 7.2, 0.01% sodium azide.
Specificity：Recognizes bovine IL-21. Species Crossreactivity: equine and porcine.
Isotype：IgG
Calc Applications Abbrev：E WB
Calc Crossreactivity：Bo Eq Po
Immunogen：Recombinant protein corresponding to aa24-152 from bovine IL-21, expressed in yeast.
