Protein S is a vitamin K dependent plasma glycoprotein (MW 69000) which belongs to a group of coagulation inhibitors consisting itself of proteinases.
It circulates in the blood in a free active form and in an inactive form bound to C4b binding protein.
Protein S is also released by thrombin stimulation from platelet alpha-granules.
Protein S acts a s a cofactor for activated protein C (pCa) enhancing the cleavage of factors Va and VIIIa, producing anticoagulation by decreasing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
It also stimulates the fibrinolytic system.
Protein S looses much of its coagulant cofactor activity after cleavage by thrombin, a process which is inhibited by thrombomodulin in the presence of free calcium ions.
Plasma concentration of protein S may be significantly reduced below normal adult levels (2.5mg/ml) inpatients with hereditary deficiency of protein S or suffering a combination of deep vein thrombosis, superficial thrombophlebitis and pulmonary embolism.
Substances such as bacterial endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor and immune mediator interleukin 1 also reduce the protein S level in plasma.
Oral contraceptives also depress pS activity.
A reduction in plasma protein S during pregnancy usually returns to normal after parturition.
Applications:Suitable for use in ELISA, Immunoprecipitation, Immunoelectrophoresis and Double Radial Immunodiffusion.
Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:Immunoelectrophoresis: 120ul against 2ul human serumDouble Radial Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony): Use a rosette arrangement with 10ul in a 3mm diameter center well and 10ul in 3mm diameter peripheral wells.
Note: Plasma samples and all assay components must contain EDTA to stabilize the protein
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C.
Stable for 12 months at -20°C.
Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O.
Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Store at -20°C.
Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
仕様
Size：1ml
Host：goat
Source Antibody：human
Grade：Serum
Purity：Serum
Form：Supplied as a lyophilized powder. Preservative free. Reconstitute with 1ml sterile ddH2O. Dilute further in PBS, pH 7.2.
Specificity：Recognizes human Protein S. A single precipitin line is obtained in immunoelectrophoresis,bidimensional electrophoresis and double radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) against normal plasma, which shows a reaction of identity with the precipitated purified protein S. Also reacts with the protein S component in complexes with protein C or with C4b binding protein. No reaction is obtained with any other plasma protein. Does not crossreact with any other component of human plasma.
