Control of appetite involves a number of gastrointestinal hormones that belong to the ghrelin-motilin ligand family that either stimulate food intake and gastric emptying or inhibit these responses.
Recently, a new member of the ghrelin-motilin family was identified by using bioinformatic predictions about enzyme cleavage of the prepropeptide of ghrelin.
The newly identified 23aa, ghrelin-associated peptide was named obestatin.
Although both peptides originate from the same precursor prepropeptide, they have opposing physiological roles.
Obestatin exerts anorexigenic effects by decreasing food intake, gastric emptying, jejunal motility, and weight gain by binding to GPR39 orphan receptor, while ghrelin exerts opposing orexigenic effects by binding to growth hormone secretagogue receptor.