84-1174-88　［取扱停止］Bacillus anthracis PA, Protective Antigen (Anthrax) (Biotin) 50ug　B0003-05N6

特徴

• After inhalation by mammals, Bacillus anthracis spores germinate in alveolar macrophages then migrate to lymph nodes where they multiply.
• The vegetative bacteria excrete the tripartite exotoxin which consists of three polypeptides: protective antigen (PA, 83kD), lethal factor (LF, 90kD) and oedma factor (OF, 89kD).
• The two components (OF and LF) of the toxin enzymatically modify substrates within the cytosol of the mammalian cells: The OF is an adenylate cyclase that impairs the host defenses through a variety of mechanisms inhibiting phagocytosis.
• The LF is a zinc dependent protease that cleaves several mitogen activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK) and causes lysis of macrophages.
• To intoxicate mammalian cells, the third component of the toxin PA, binds to a ubiquitously expressed cellular receptor, Tumor Endothelium Marker-8 (TEM8).
• Upon binding to TEM8, PA is cleaved into 20 and 63kD fragments (PA20 and PA63) by furin or furin-like proteases.
• PA20 dissociates into medium and allows the PA63 fragment to heptamerize and bind LF and OF of the toxin.
• The resulting complex of PA63 fragment with EF and/or OF binds to PA-receptor TEM8/ATR and internalized into endosomes followed by translocation of LF and OF into cytosol of the cells.
• Applications:Suitable for use in ELISA.
• Western Blot, though not tested, may potentially be used as an application.
• Other applications not tested.
• Recommended Dilution:ELISA: 0.1-1mg/mlOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
• Storage and Stability:Lyophilized and reconstituted products are stable for 12 months after receipt at -20°C.
• Reconstitute with sterile PBS.
• Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
• Store at -20°C.
• For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
• Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.