84-1049-35　［取扱停止］Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) 100ug　U1620-22

特徴

• The regulation of body weight depends upon the calorie intake and expenditure.
• It is a very complex and highly regulated process.
• It involves multiples neural circuits with specific neuropeptides, neurotransmitter transporters and receptors and influenced by peripheral signals.
• The product of obese gene (Leptin) may influence many of these processes.
• White and brown adipose tissues (WAT and BAT, respectively) play a central role in body weight and energy expenditure.
• WAT is the major site for energy storage via triglyceride synthesis and mobilization via lipolysis.
• Uncoupling proteins (UCP1-4) are a family of mitochondria transprt proteins that play a critical role in thermoregulatory heat production and maintenance of basal metabolic rate.
• BAT is able to dissipate energy as heat via uncoupled mitochondrial respiration by a mitochondrial anion carrier, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1).
• UCP1 is predicted to contain 6 trans-membrane (TM) domains, a putative purine nucleotide-binding domain (PNBD) and three-mitochondrial energy transfer protein domains (ETPDs).
• Both amino and C-termini are predicted to be cytoplasmic.
• UCP1 is a member of the mitochondrial carrier protein family, which includes the ATP/ADP translocator, the phosphate, the 2-oxoglutarate/malate and the citrate (tricarboxylate) carriers.
• UCP1 plays an important role in thermoregulation in hibernating animals, neonates, and it contributes to rodent cold- and diet induced thermogenesis.
• Because of the restricted expression of UCP1 and the lack of BAT in adult animals and humans, UCP1 may not be important in body weight regulation/energy expenditure in adults.
• Recently a novel UCP2, a homologue of UCP1, has been identified.
• In contrast with UCP1, UCP2 is widely expressed in adult human tissues and it is unregulated in WAT in response to fat intake.
• UCP2 is 59% homologous with UCP1.
• In the WAT of ob/ob and db/db mice, UCP2 expression is greatly elevated when compared to lean animals.
• Therefore, UCP2 has been implicated in the regulation of energy balance, body weight, and thermoregulation.
• Skeletal muscle contributes up to 40% of whole body epinephrine-induced thermogenesis in humans.
• Another homologue of UCPs, UCP3, has been cloned from human skeletal muscle.
• Human UCP3 protein (312 aa) has 71% and 57% homology with UCP2 and UCP1, respectively.
• The long (309 aa) and mature form of UCP3 is designated as UCP3L; UCP3s lacks the 6th potential TM domain and the PNBD domain implicated in the control of coupling efficiency of UCP1.
• Both forms of UCP3 are expressed in muscle.
• UCP3 expression is highly specific for skeletal muscle and it is unaffected by cold acclimation.
• It is also expressed in BAT of animals.
• UCP3 could play a critical role in energy expenditure and its regulation.
• Mouse/rat UCP1 is A 307aa mitochondrial uncoupling protein (1).
• It is only 59% homologous with UCP2 (2).
• Human UCP1 is located on chromosome 4 (1).
• UCP1 is primarily expressed in brown adipose tissues.
• Applications:Suitable for use in ELISA.
• Western Blot, though not tested, may potentially be used as an application.
• Other applications not tested.
• Recommended Dilution:Western Blot: 1-10ug/ml ECL
• ELISA: 1:10,000-1:100,000 using 50-100ng control peptide/well.
• Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
• Control Peptide: U1620-15
• Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
• For long-term storage, store at -20°C.
• Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C.
• For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
• Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.