Mitochondria play a pivotal role in the regulation of programmed cell death or apoptosis.
Apoptosis is driven by two classes of specialized proteases known as caspases (Cysteine aspartase).
The initiator caspases can be activated by self-cleavage.
The effector caspases are then activated in an amplification cascade.
Several key participants are released from the mitochondria that regulate apoptosis.
The first such factor (Cytochrome-C) to be described binds to a cytoplasmic scaffolding protein called Apaf-1.
Binding of the mitochondria factor allows Apaf-1 to form a ternary complex with, and activate, the initiator pro-caspase-9.
Active caspase-9 then turns on downstream effector caspases, initiating apoptosis.
Another mitochondrial-derived factor, termed Apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), has been identified.
AIF is sufficient to induce apoptosis of isolated nuclei.
AIF (mouse 612 aa, rat 613 aa, and human 612 aa, chromosome Xq25-q26) is a flavoprotein of ~57kD.
It normally resides in the mitochondrial but translocates to the nucleus.
AIF induces mitochondrial to release Cytochrome-c and caspase-9.
It has been found in liver and many other tissues.
Mouse and human AIF are 92% homologous.
The C-terminus of AIF shares significant homology with several bacterial ferredoxins, and the N-terminus has two mitochondrial localization signal.
The N-terminal 1-101aa are cleaved to produce mature AIF.
Applications:Suitable for use in ELISA.
Western Blot, though not tested, may potentially be used as an application.
Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:Western Blot: 1:1000-1:5000 for neat serum, ECL
ELISA: 1:10,000-50,000Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Control Peptide: A0906-92
Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4°C for short-term only.
For long-term storage, store at -20°C.
Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
仕様
Size：100ul
Host：rabbit
Source Antibody：mouse
Grade：Serum
Purity：Serum
Form：Supplied as a liquid, neat serum, 40% glycerol.
Specificity：Mouse control peptide is 95% conserved in rat and 61% in human AIF. No significant sequence homology is detected with other ferredoxins. Control peptide, because of its low MW (<3kD), is not suitable for Western. It should be used for ELISA or antibody blocking experiments (use 5-10 ug control peptide per 1 ug of aff pure IgG or 1 ul antiserum) to confirm antibody specificity.
