Background：Afutuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 antigen expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Upon binding to CD20, obinutuzumab mediates B-cell lysisthrough 1 engagement of immune effector cells 2 by directly activating intracellular death signaling pathways direct cell death, and/or 3 activation of the complement cascade. The immune effector cell mechanisms include antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity ADCC and antibodydependent cellular phagocytosis.As an antibody with reduced fucose content, obinutuzumab induces greater ADCC activity than rituximab in vitro using human cancer cell lines. Afutuzumab also demonstrated an increased ability to induce direct cell death when compared to rituximab. Afutuzumab binds to FcγRIII using purified proteins with a higher affinity than rituximab. Afutuzumab and rituximab bind with similar affinity to overlapping epitopes on CD20.
