Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), belonging to MHC class I glycoproteins, plays important roles in both physiological and pathological immunotolerance.
It gives an inhibitory signal to cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, monocytes, and some other immune cells.
It also induces regulatory T cells and anti-inflammatory macrophages.
HLA-G is important e.g.
for maternal tolerance to the fetus, and for immunomodulation in particular adult tissues, such as in cornea, pancreatic islets, thymus and other.
On the other hand, it is expressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies, where it contributes to evasion of the immune surveillance.
HLA-G expression pattern in cancer is an important prognostic factor regarding a poor clinical outcome.
Unlike most other MHC glycoproteins, HLA-G acts as an immune checkpoint molecule rather than as an antigen presenting molecule.
It concerns both transmembrane and soluble HLA-G isoforms.
Among other, HLA-G can promote Th2 immunological response and downregulate Th1 immunological response.
For its benefits regarding allograft tolerance, including embryo implantation, soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) can be used as a marker of developmental potential of embryos during the process of in vitro fertilization.
Similarly, sHLA-G concentrations in maternal serum are decreased in preeclampsia.
Transplanted patients with increased sHLA-G serum levels have improved allograft acceptance.
On the other hand, increased sHLA-G can also indicate presence of malignant (sometimes also of benign) tumor cells.
Another important topic is induction of HLA-G expression (sometimes associated with shedding of HLA-G from the cell surface) by some anti-cancer or anti-viral therapies, which can weaken the therapy effect.
Monitoring of HLA-G in patients thus has a wide usage.
Applications:Suitable for use in Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, ELISA, Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry.
Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:Immunohistochemistry: frozenFlow Cytometry: 2-4ug/mlOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:May be stored at 4℃ for short-term only.
Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Store at -20℃.
Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
仕様
Size：100ug
抗体種類：Mab
宿主：mouse
Source Antibody：human
Grade：Affinity Purified
Purity：Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography.
Form：Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.09% sodium azide.
Specificity：Recognizes membrane-bound form of HLA-G (full-length HLA-G1) but not soluble forms. Does not react with mouse or rat.
Clone # USB：01G
Isotype：IgG1
Calc Applications Abbrev：E FC IC IHC WB
Calc Crossreactivity：Hu
Immunogen：HLA-B27 transgenic mice were immunized with H-2 identical murine cells transfected with and expressing genes encoding HLA-G and human beta2-microglobulin.
